本文演示如何在Linux系统下的c++环境中,运用POSIX线程库(pthread)实现多线程编程。以下代码片段展示了创建和运行多个线程的基本方法:
#include <iostream> #include <pthread.h> // 线程函数 void* thread_function(void* arg) { int thread_id = *(static_cast<int*>(arg)); std::cout << "Thread " << thread_id << " is running. "; pthread_exit(nullptr); // 线程结束 return nullptr; } int main() { const int num_threads = 5; pthread_t threads[num_threads]; int thread_ids[num_threads]; // 创建线程 for (int i = 0; i < num_threads; ++i) { thread_ids[i] = i; if (pthread_create(&threads[i], nullptr, thread_function, &thread_ids[i]) != 0) { std::cerr << "Failed to create thread " << i << ". "; return 1; } } // 等待线程结束 for (int i = 0; i < num_threads; ++i) { pthread_join(threads[i], nullptr); } std::cout << "All threads finished. "; return 0; }
编译运行:使用 g++ -o multi_thread_example multi_thread_example.cpp -pthread 编译,然后执行 ./multi_thread_example。
此示例创建5个线程,每个线程打印其ID。 实际应用中,可能需要考虑线程同步机制(如互斥锁 pthread_mutex_t)以避免竞争条件和数据冲突。